Virtual or augmented reality headsets having adjustable interpupillary distance

ABSTRACT

A virtual or augmented reality headset is provided having a frame, a pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces, and an interpupillary distance adjustment mechanism. The frame includes opposing arm members and a bridge positioned intermediate the opposing arm members. The adjustment mechanism is coupled to the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces and operable to simultaneously move the eyepieces to adjust the interpupillary distance of the eyepieces.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/863,485, filed Apr. 30, 2020, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/914,811, filed Mar. 7, 2018, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,649,219, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/229,001, filed Aug. 4, 2016, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,073,272, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/516,180, filed Oct. 16, 2014, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,470,906, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/891,801, filed Oct. 16, 2013, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties.

BACKGROUND Technical Field

This disclosure generally relates to virtual or augmented reality headsets, and more particularly to virtual or augmented reality headsets wherein the interpupillary distance of the eyepieces is adjustable.

Description of the Related Art

Virtual or augmented reality headsets have long been proven invaluable for many applications, spanning the fields of scientific visualization, medicine and military training, engineering design and prototyping, tele-manipulation and tele-presence, and personal entertainment systems. In virtual reality systems, computer-generated virtual scenes are generally provided on an opaque display. In mixed and augmented reality systems, computer-generated virtual scenes or objects are combined with the views of a real-world scene on a see-through display. In many virtual or augmented reality headsets, virtual or augmented scenes are displayed on separate eyepieces. The interpupillary distance between the optical centers of such eyepieces are often fixed, and corrections that may be needed to adjust for variations in users having different interpupillary distances is made via software to provide corrective display adjustments. In some instances, the interpupillary distance between the optical centers of eyepieces may be mechanically adjustable; however, in such instances, adjustment devices can suffer from various drawbacks. For example, the adjustment mechanisms may be overly complex, bulky, lack precision and/or include a limited range of motion.

BRIEF SUMMARY

Embodiments described herein provide virtual or augmented reality headsets with robust and efficient form factors that enable simultaneous movement of viewer eyepieces along one or more linear rails to provide interpupillary distance adjustment.

A virtual or augmented reality headset may be summarized as including a frame, a pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces, and an adjustment mechanism coupled to both of the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces. The frame may include opposing arm members, a bridge positioned intermediate the opposing arm members, and a plurality of linear rails. At least one linear rail may be provided at each of opposing sides of the frame defined by a central reference plane. The pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces each have an optical center and may be movably coupled to the plurality of linear rails of the frame to enable adjustment of an interpupillary distance between the optical centers. The adjustment mechanism may be operable to simultaneously move the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces in adjustment directions aligned with the plurality of linear rails to adjust the interpupillary distance.

The virtual or augmented reality eyepieces may be movable between a narrowest configuration and a widest configuration, and a difference between the interpupillary distance in the widest configuration and the interpupillary distance in the narrowest configuration may be between about 20 mm and about 24 mm.

The adjustment mechanism may be coupled to the bridge of the frame and may include a manipulable actuator coupled to the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces for selectively adjusting a linear position of each of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces simultaneously. The frame may further include a lock to selectively fix the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces in a selected linear position along the plurality of linear rails.

The adjustment mechanism may include a manipulable actuator manually operable by a user and one or more links physically may couple the manipulable actuator to the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces. The headset may further include a selectively removable cover that is selectively positionable to alternatively prevent access to the manipulable actuator and to provide access to the manipulable actuator by the user. The manipulable actuator may be constrained to translate back and forth in directions perpendicular to the adjustment directions aligned with the plurality of linear rails, and movement of the manipulable actuator in one direction may move the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces toward an expanded configuration while movement of the manipulable actuator in the opposite direction may move the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces toward a collapsed configuration. The manipulable actuator may be accessible to the user while the headset is worn.

The adjustment mechanism may include one or more linear actuators, such as, for example, a piezoelectric linear actuator or a motor-driven lead screw.

The bridge of the frame may include a nosepiece to engage a nose of the user and support the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces in front of the user's eyes. The nosepiece may be removably coupleable to a base portion of the bridge to selectively lock the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces in a selected position.

Each virtual or augmented reality eyepiece may be arcuate and may include a medial end and a lateral end. The medial end may be positioned proximate the bridge of the frame and the lateral end may be positioned proximate a temple region of a respective one of the opposing arm members. The frame may include a respective arcuate profile on each of opposing sides of the central reference plane to at least partially nest with a respective one of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces when the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces are in a narrowest configuration in which the interpupillary distance is at a minimum. The plurality of linear rails may include at least two linear rails on each of opposing sides of the frame to guide a respective one of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces, and wherein, for each of the opposing sides of the frame, a first one of the linear rails may be located proximate the bridge to guide the medial end of the respective virtual or augmented reality eyepiece and a second one of the linear rails may be located proximate the temple region to guide the lateral end of the respective virtual or augmented reality eyepiece. Each of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces may be coupled to at least two linear rails that are offset fore and aft from each other.

The plurality of linear rails of the frame may include at least two linear rails on each of opposing sides of the frame to guide a respective one of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces, and wherein, for each of the opposing sides of the frame, the two linear rails may be located proximate the bridge to guide a medial end of the respective virtual or augmented reality eyepiece and support the respective virtual or augmented reality eyepiece in a cantilevered manner.

The plurality of linear rails of the frame may include at least two linear rails on each of opposing sides of the frame vertically offset from each other to guide a respective one of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces. For each of the opposing sides of the frame, the at least two linear rails and the arm member may form a fork structure. For each of the opposing sides of the frame, the two linear rails and a portion of the bridge may form a fork structure that supports the respective one of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces.

Each of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces may be supported by a single respective linear rail underlying the eyepiece and supported in space only by a connection to the single respective linear rail. In other instances, each of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces may be supported by a single respective linear rail positioned above a horizontal plane defined by the optical centers of the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces and supported in space only by a connection to the single respective linear rail.

The bridge and the plurality of rails of the frame may be integrally formed as a single-piece. The bridge, the opposing arm members and the plurality of rails of the frame may be integrally formed as a single-piece.

The frame may further include a central frame portion comprising the bridge, and the opposing arm members may be hingedly connected to the central frame portion.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a headset according to one embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a portion of the headset of FIG. 1 shown in a collapsed configuration.

FIG. 3 is a top plan view of a portion of the headset of FIG. 1 shown in an expanded configuration.

FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the headset of FIG. 1 shown in the collapsed configuration.

FIG. 5 is a front elevational view of the headset of FIG. 1 shown in the collapsed configuration.

FIG. 6 is a side elevational view of the headset of FIG. 1 shown in the collapsed configuration.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a headset according to another embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a front elevational view of the headset of FIG. 7 shown in a collapsed configuration.

FIG. 9 is a front elevational view of the headset of FIG. 7 shown in an expanded configuration.

FIG. 10 is a top plan view of the headset of FIG. 7 shown in the collapsed configuration.

FIG. 11 is a front elevational view of the headset of FIG. 7 shown in the collapsed configuration.

FIG. 12 is a side elevational view of the headset of FIG. 7 shown in the collapsed configuration.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a headset according to another embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a front elevational view of the headset of FIG. 13 shown in a collapsed configuration.

FIG. 15 is a front elevational view of the headset of FIG. 13 shown in an expanded configuration.

FIG. 16 is a top plan view of the headset of FIG. 13 shown in the collapsed configuration.

FIG. 17 is a front elevational view of the headset of FIG. 13 shown in the collapsed configuration.

FIG. 18 is a side elevational view of the headset of FIG. 13 shown in the collapsed configuration.

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a headset according to another embodiment.

FIG. 20 is a front perspective view of a portion of the headset of FIG. 19 shown in a collapsed configuration.

FIG. 21 is a front perspective view of a portion of the headset of FIG. 19 shown in an expanded configuration.

FIG. 22 is a top plan view of the headset of FIG. 19 shown in the collapsed configuration.

FIG. 23 is a front elevational view of the headset of FIG. 19 shown in the collapsed configuration.

FIG. 24 is a side elevational view of the headset of FIG. 19 shown in the collapsed configuration.

FIG. 25 is a perspective view of a portion of a headset shown in an expanded configuration according to another embodiment.

FIG. 26 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of the headset of FIG. 25 showing an adjustable mechanism.

FIG. 27 is a partial cutaway perspective view of the headset of FIG. 25 .

FIG. 28 is a front elevational view of a headset shown in an expanded configuration according to yet another embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following description, certain specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of various disclosed embodiments. However, one skilled in the relevant art will recognize that embodiments may be practiced without one or more of these specific details, or with other methods, components, materials, etc. In other instances, well-known structures associated with virtual and augmented reality systems have not been shown or described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring descriptions of the embodiments.

Unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims which follow, the word “comprise” and variations thereof, such as, “comprises” and “comprising” are to be construed in an open, inclusive sense that is as “including, but not limited to.”

Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

FIGS. 1 through 6 show one example embodiment of a virtual or augmented reality headset 10. The headset 10 includes a frame 12 and a pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 30 a, 30 b supported by the frame 12. The frame 12 has opposing arm members 14 a, 14 b, a bridge 16 positioned intermediate the opposing arm members 14 a, 14 b, and a plurality of linear rails 18 a, 18 b, 20 a, 20 b. More particularly, two linear rails 18 a, 18 b, 20 a, 20 b are provided at each of opposing sides 22, 24 of the frame 12 defined by a central reference plane 26.

The pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 30 a, 30 b each has an optical center 32 a, 32 b, a distance between which defines an interpupillary distance IPD. The eyepieces 30 a, 30 b are movably coupled to the plurality of linear rails 18 a, 18 b, 20 a, 20 b to enable adjustment of the interpupillary distance IPD as desired to correspond to or more closely correspond to an actual interpupillary distance between the pupils of a wearer.

The headset 10 further includes an adjustment mechanism 34 coupled to both of the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 30 a, 30 b. The adjustment mechanism 34 is operable to simultaneously move the eyepieces 30 a, 30 b in adjustment directions 42, 44 aligned with the linear rails 18 a, 18 b, 20 a, 20 b to adjust the interpupillary distance IPD. The virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 30 a, 30 b are movable between a fully collapsed or narrowest configuration (FIGS. 1, 2 and 4-6 ) and a fully expanded or widest configuration (FIG. 3 ). The frame 12, eyepieces 30 a, 30 b, and rails 18 a, 18 b, 20 a, 20 b are configured relative to each other such that a difference between the interpupillary distance IPD in the fully expanded or widest configuration and the interpupillary distance IPD in the fully collapsed or narrowest configuration is between about 20 mm and about 24 mm. As such, each individual eyepiece 30 a, 30 b may be adjusted a distance between about 10 mm and 12 mm. It is appreciated, however, that in some embodiments, more or less adjustment may be provided.

A nosepiece 36 may be provided at the bridge 16 of the frame 12 to engage a nose of the user and support the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 30 a, 30 b in front of the user's eyes during use. The nosepiece 36 may be integrally formed as a portion of the bridge 16, fixedly secured to the bridge 16, or removably coupled to the bridge 16. In some embodiments, the nosepiece 36 may be removably coupleable to a base portion of the bridge 16 and impede the travel of the adjustment mechanism 34 to lock the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 30 a, 30 b in a selected position. In other instances, a lock may be provided on each eyepiece 30 a, 30 b, to clamp to a respective one of the linear rails 18 a, 18 b, 20 a, 20 b, or vice versa. In this manner, a user may selectively unlock the eyepieces 30 a, 30 b for adjustment, adjust the eyepieces 30 a, 30 b transversely to a new interpupillary distance IPD, and lock the eyepieces 30 a, 30 b in place at the new interpupillary distance IPD. The lock may include, for example, one or more clamps, set screws, clips or other fasteners to impede movement of the adjustment mechanism 34 and/or eyepieces 30 a, 30 b, or otherwise lock the same. The lock may be spring-biased toward a locked position.

With continued reference to FIGS. 1 through 6 , each virtual or augmented reality eyepiece 30 a, 30 b may be arcuate and include a medial end and a lateral end. The medial end may be positioned proximate the bridge 16 of the frame 12 and the lateral end may be positioned proximate a temple region of a respective one of the opposing arm members 14 a, 14 b. The frame 12 may include a respective arcuate profile on each of opposing sides 22, 24 of the central reference plane 26 to at least partially nest with a respective one of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 30 a, 30 b when the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 30 a, 30 b are in the fully collapsed or narrowest configuration (FIGS. 1, 2 and 5-6 ) in which the interpupillary distance IPD is at a minimum.

The headset 10 may include a pair of linear rails 18 a, 20 a and 18 b, 20 b on each of opposing sides 22, 24 of the frame 12 to guide a respective one of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 30 a, 30 b. In addition, for each of the opposing sides 22, 24 of the frame 12, a first one of the linear rails 18 a, 18 b may be located proximate the bridge 16 to guide the medial end of the respective virtual or augmented reality eyepiece 30 a, 30 b and a second one of the linear rails 20 a, 20 b may be located proximate the temple region to guide the lateral end of the respective virtual or augmented reality eyepiece 30 a, 30 b. In this manner, each of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 30 a, 30 b may be coupled to at least two linear rails 18 a, 20 a and 18 b, 20 b that are offset fore and aft from each other. The linear rails may be protruding rods or telescoping elements that project from a side of the frame 12. In some instances, the rails 18 a, 18 b, 20 a, 20 b may be substantially or completely concealed from view when in the fully collapsed or narrowest configuration and/or when in the fully expanded or widest configuration.

As can be appreciated from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 through 6 , the eyepieces 30 a, 30 b, may be generally arc-shaped and may move transversely along the linear rails 18 a, 18 b, 20 a, 20 b between an extreme medial position nearer the central plane 26 and an extreme lateral position farther from the central plane 26. The eyepieces 30 a, 30 b may be located at any position between the extreme end positions and secured in place with a lock or other fastening mechanism or fixation method.

FIGS. 7 through 12 show another example embodiment of a virtual or augmented reality headset 110. The headset 110 includes a frame 112 and a pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 130 a, 130 b supported by the frame 112. The frame 112 has opposing arm members 114 a, 114 b, a bridge 116 positioned intermediate the opposing arm members 114 a, 114 b, and a plurality of linear rails 118 a, 118 b, 120 a, 120 b. More particularly, two linear rails 118 a, 118 b, 120 a, 120 b are provided at each of opposing sides 122, 124 of the frame 112 defined by a central reference plane 126. As shown in FIGS. 7 through 12 , the linear rails 118 a, 118 b, 120 a, 120 b may transition to curvilinear rails or rail portions beyond the range of adjustability range of the eyepieces 130 a, 130 b.

Again, the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 130 a, 130 b each have an optical center 132 a, 132 b, a distance between which defines an interpupillary distance IPD. The eyepieces 130 a, 130 b are movably coupled to the plurality of linear rails 118 a, 118 b, 120 a, 120 b to enable adjustment of the interpupillary distance IPD as desired to correspond to or more closely correspond to an actual interpupillary distance between the pupils of a wearer.

The headset 110 further includes an adjustment mechanism 134 coupled to both of the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 130 a, 130 b. The adjustment mechanism 134 is operable to simultaneously move the eyepieces 130 a, 130 b in adjustment directions 142, 144 aligned with the linear rails 118 a, 118 b, 120 a, 120 b to adjust the interpupillary distance IPD. The virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 130 a, 130 b are movable between a fully collapsed or narrowest configuration (FIGS. 7, 8 and 10-12 ) and a fully expanded or widest configuration (FIG. 9 ). The frame 112, eyepieces 130 a, 130 b, and rails 118 a, 118 b, 120 a, 120 b are configured relative to each other such that a difference between the interpupillary distance IPD in the fully expanded or widest configuration and the interpupillary distance IPD in the fully collapsed or narrowest configuration is between about 20 mm and about 24 mm. As such, each individual eyepiece 130 a, 130 b may be adjusted a distance between about 10 mm and 12 mm. It is appreciated, however, that in some embodiments, more or less adjustment may be provided.

Again, a nosepiece 136 may be provided at the bridge 116 of the frame 112 to engage a nose of the user and support the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 130 a, 130 b in front of the user's eyes during use. The nosepiece 136 may be integrally formed as a portion of the bridge 116, fixedly secured to the bridge 116, or removably coupled to the bridge 116. In some embodiments, the nosepiece 136 may be removably coupleable to a base portion of the bridge 116 and impede the travel of the adjustment mechanism 134 to lock the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 130 a, 130 b in a selected position. In other instances, a lock may be provided on each eyepiece 130 a, 130 b, to clamp to a respective one of the linear rails 118 a, 118 b, 120 a, 120 b, or vice versa. In this manner, a user may selectively unlock the eyepieces 130 a, 130 b for adjustment, adjust the eyepieces 130 a, 130 b transversely to a new interpupillary distance IPD, and lock the eyepieces 130 a, 130 b in place at the new interpupillary distance IPD. The lock may include, for example, one or more clamps, set screws, clips or other fasteners to impede movement of the adjustment mechanism 134 and/or eyepieces 130 a, 130 b, or otherwise fix the same in place. The lock may be spring-biased toward a locked position.

With continued reference to FIGS. 7 through 12 , each virtual or augmented reality eyepiece 130 a, 130 b may be arcuate and include a medial end and a lateral end. The medial end may be positioned proximate the bridge 116 of the frame 112 and the lateral end may be positioned proximate a temple region of a respective one of the opposing arm members 114 a, 114 b. The frame 112 may include a respective arcuate profile on each of opposing sides 122, 124 of the central reference plane 126 that generally reflects that of the respective virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 130 a, 130 b.

The headset 110 may include a pair of linear rails 118 a, 120 a and 118 b, 120 b on each of opposing sides 122, 124 of the frame 112 to guide a respective one of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 130 a, 130 b. In addition, for each of the opposing sides 122, 124 of the frame 112, a first one of the linear rails 118 a, 118 b may be located proximate the bridge 116 at an upper region of the headset 110 to guide an upper portion of the medial end of the respective virtual or augmented reality eyepiece 130 a, 130 b and a second one of the linear rails 120 a, 120 b may be located proximate the bridge 116 at a lower region of the headset 110 to guide a lower portion of the medial end of the respective virtual or augmented reality eyepiece 130 a, 130 b. In this manner, at least two linear rails 118 a, 120 a and 118 b, 120 b may be provided on each of opposing sides 122, 124 of the frame 112 to guide a respective one of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 130 a, 130 b. The two linear rails 118 a, 120 a and 118 b, 120 b on each side 122, 124 may be located proximate the bridge 16 to guide the medial end of the respective virtual or augmented reality eyepiece 130 a, 130 b and support the eyepiece in a cantilevered manner. The two linear rails 118 a, 120 a and 118 b, 120 b on each of opposing sides 122, 124 of the frame 112 may be vertically offset from each other and may form a fork structure with a respective arm member 114 a, 114 b of the frame 112. The eyepieces 130 a, 130 b may be received within the tines of the fork structure. In an alternate embodiment, the two linear rails 118 a, 120 a and 118 b, 120 b on each of opposing sides 122, 124 of the frame 112 and a portion of the bridge 116 may form a fork structure oriented away from the central plane 126 to support the eyepieces 130 a, 130 b.

As can be appreciated from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 through 12 , the eyepieces 130 a, 130 b, may be generally arc-shaped and may move transversely along the linear rails 118 a, 118 b, 120 a, 120 b between an extreme medial position nearer the central plane 126 and an extreme lateral position farther from the central plane 126. The eyepieces 130 a, 130 b may be located at any position between the extreme end positions and secured in place with a lock or other fastening mechanism or fixation method.

FIGS. 13 through 18 show another example embodiment of a virtual or augmented reality headset 210. The headset 210 includes a frame 212 and a pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 230 a, 230 b supported by the frame 212. The frame 212 has opposing arm members 214 a, 214 b, a bridge 216 positioned intermediate the opposing arm members 214 a, 214 b, and a plurality of linear rails 220 a, 220 b. More particularly, a single linear rail 220 a, 220 b is provided at each of opposing sides 222, 224 of the frame 212 defined by a central reference plane 226. As shown in FIGS. 13 through 18 , the linear rails 220 a, 220 b may transition to curvilinear rails or rail portions beyond the range of adjustability range of the eyepieces 230 a, 230 b.

Again, the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 230 a, 230 b each have an optical center 232 a, 232 b, a distance between which defines an interpupillary distance IPD. The eyepieces 230 a, 230 b are movably coupled to the plurality of linear rails 220 a, 220 b to enable adjustment of the interpupillary distance IPD as desired to correspond to or more closely correspond to an actual interpupillary distance between the pupils of a wearer.

The headset 210 further includes an adjustment mechanism 234 coupled to both of the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 230 a, 230 b. The adjustment mechanism 234 is operable to simultaneously move the eyepieces 230 a, 230 b in adjustment directions 242, 244 aligned with the linear rails 220 a, 220 b to adjust the interpupillary distance IPD. The virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 230 a, 230 b are movable between a fully collapsed or narrowest configuration (FIGS. 13, 14 and 16-18 ) and a fully expanded or widest configuration (FIG. 15 ). The frame 212, eyepieces 230 a, 230 b, and rails 220 a, 220 b are configured relative to each other such that a difference between the interpupillary distance IPD in the fully expanded or widest configuration and the interpupillary distance IPD in the fully collapsed or narrowest configuration is between about 20 mm and about 24 mm. As such, each individual eyepiece 230 a, 230 b may be adjusted a distance between about 10 mm and 12 mm. It is appreciated, however, that is some embodiments, more or less adjustment may be provided.

Again, a nosepiece 236 may be provided at the bridge 216 of the frame 212 to engage a nose of the user and support the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 230 a, 230 b in front of the user's eyes during use. The nosepiece 236 may be integrally formed as a portion of the bridge 216, fixedly secured to the bridge 216 or removably coupled to the bridge 216. In some embodiments, the nosepiece 236 may be removably coupleable to a base portion of the bridge 216 and impede the travel of the adjustment mechanism 234 to lock the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 230 a, 230 b in a selected position. In other instances, a lock may be provided on each eyepiece 230 a, 230 b, to clamp to a respective one of the linear rails 220 a, 220 b, or vice versa. In this manner, a user may selectively unlock the eyepieces 230 a, 230 b for adjustment, adjust the eyepieces 230 a, 230 b transversely to a new interpupillary distance IPD, and lock the eyepieces 230 a, 230 b in place at the new interpupillary distance IPD. The lock may include, for example, one or more clamps, set screws, clips or other fasteners to impede movement of the adjustment mechanism 234 and/or eyepieces 230 a, 230 b, or otherwise fix the same in place. The lock may be spring-biased toward a locked position.

With continued reference to FIGS. 13 through 18 , each virtual or augmented reality eyepiece 230 a, 230 b may be arcuate and include a medial end and a lateral end. The medial end may be positioned proximate the bridge 216 of the frame 212 and the lateral end may be positioned proximate a temple region of a respective one of the opposing arm members 214 a, 214 b. The frame 212 may include a respective arcuate profile on each of opposing sides 222, 224 of the central reference plane 226 that generally transitions with that of the respective eyepieces 230 a, 230 b.

The headset 210 includes a single linear rail 220 a, 220 b on each of opposing sides 222, 224 of the frame 212 to guide a respective one of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 230 a, 230 b. The linear rail 220 a, 220 b of each side 222, 224 may be located remote from the bridge 216 and may underlay the respective eyepiece 230 a, 230 b to guide a lower portion of the eyepiece 230 a, 230 b only.

As can be appreciated from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 13 through 18 , the eyepieces 230 a, 230 b, may be generally arc-shaped and may move transversely along the linear rails 220 a, 220 b between an extreme medial position nearer the central plane 226 and an extreme lateral position farther from the central plane 226. The eyepieces 230 a, 230 b may be located at any position between the extreme end positions and secured in place with a lock or other fastening mechanism or fixation method.

FIGS. 19 through 24 show yet another example embodiment of a virtual or augmented reality headset 310. The headset 310 includes a frame 312 and a pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 330 a, 330 b supported by the frame 312. The frame 312 has opposing arm members 314 a, 314 b, a bridge 316 positioned intermediate the opposing arm members 314 a, 314 b, and a plurality of linear rails 318 a, 318 b. More particularly, a single linear rail 318 a, 318 b is provided at each of opposing sides 322, 324 of the frame 312 defined by a central reference plane 326. As shown in FIGS. 19 through 24 , the linear rails 318 a, 318 b may be concealed or substantially concealed within the eyepieces 330 a, 330 b.

Again, the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 330 a, 330 b each have an optical center 332 a, 332 b, a distance between which defines an interpupillary distance IPD. The eyepieces 330 a, 330 b are movably coupled to the plurality of linear rails 318 a, 318 b to enable adjustment of the interpupillary distance IPD as desired to correspond to or more closely correspond to an actual interpupillary distance between the pupils of a wearer.

The headset 310 further includes an adjustment mechanism 334 coupled to both of the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 330 a, 330 b. The adjustment mechanism 334 is operable to simultaneously move the eyepieces 330 a, 330 b in adjustment directions 342, 344 aligned with the linear rails 318 a, 318 b to adjust the interpupillary distance IPD. The virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 330 a, 330 b are movable between a fully collapsed or narrowest configuration (FIGS. 19, 20 and 22-24 ) and a fully expanded or widest configuration (FIG. 21 ). The frame 312, eyepieces 330 a, 330 b, and rails 318 a, 318 b are configured relative to each other such that a difference between the interpupillary distance IPD in the fully expanded or widest configuration and the interpupillary distance IPD in the fully collapsed or narrowest configuration is between about 20 mm and about 24 mm. As such, each individual eyepiece 330 a, 330 b may be adjusted a distance between about 10 mm and 12 mm. It is appreciated, however, that is some embodiments, more or less adjustment may be provided.

Again, a nosepiece 336 may be provided at the bridge 316 of the frame 312 to engage a nose of the user and support the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 330 a, 330 b in front of the user's eyes during use. The nosepiece 336 may be integrally formed as a portion of the bridge 316, fixedly secured to the bridge 316 or removably coupled to the bridge 316. In some embodiments, the nosepiece 336 may be removably coupleable to a base portion of the bridge 316 and impede the travel of the adjustment mechanism 334 to lock the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 330 a, 330 b in a selected position. In other instances, a lock may be provided on each eyepiece 330 a, 330 b, to clamp to a respective one of the linear rails 318 a, 318 b, or vice versa. In this manner, a user may selectively unlock the eyepieces 330 a, 330 b for adjustment, adjust the eyepieces 330 a, 330 b transversely to a new interpupillary distance IPD, and lock the eyepieces 330 a, 330 b in place at the new interpupillary distance IPD. The lock may include, for example, one or more clamps, set screws, clips or other fasteners to impede movement of the adjustment mechanism 334 and/or eyepieces 330 a, 330 b, or otherwise fix the same in place. The lock may be spring-biased toward a locked position.

With continued reference to FIGS. 19 through 24 , each virtual or augmented reality eyepiece 330 a, 330 b may include a straight-line construction with flared lateral ends. A medial end of each eyepiece 330 a, 330 b may be positioned proximate the bridge 316 of the frame 312 and the lateral end may be positioned proximate a temple region of a respective one of the opposing arm members 314 a, 314 b. The frame 312 may include a respective straight-line construction on each of opposing sides 322, 324 of the central reference plane 326 that generally mimics that of the respective eyepieces 330 a, 330 b.

The headset 310 includes a single linear rail 318 a, 318 b on each of opposing sides 322, 324 of the frame 312 to guide a respective one of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 330 a, 330 b. The linear rail 318 a, 318 b of each side 322, 324 may be located above a horizontal plane defined by the optical centers of the eyepiece 330 a, 330 b to guide an upper portion of the eyepiece 330 a, 330 b only. The eyepiece 330 a, 330 b may hang from the rails 318 a, 318 b.

As can be appreciated from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 19 through 24 , the eyepieces 330 a, 330 b, may have a generally straight-lined construction and may move transversely along the linear rails 318 a, 318 b between an extreme medial position nearer the central plane 326 and an extreme lateral position farther from the central plane 326. The eyepieces 330 a, 330 b may be located at any position between the extreme end positions and secured in place with a lock or other fastening mechanism or fixation method.

FIGS. 25 through 27 show another example embodiment of a virtual or augmented headset 410. The headset 410 includes a frame 412 and a pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 430 a, 430 b supported by the frame 412. The frame has opposing arm members 414 a, 414 b, a bridge 416 positioned intermediate the opposing arm members 414 a, 414 b, and an adjustment mechanism 434. The adjustment mechanism 434 includes a rotary dial 436 with a coaxial output shaft or pin 438 that extends axially and rotatably couples to the bridge 416. A pair of gear pinions 440 a, 440 b are mounted to the output pin 438 and are positioned at opposite sides of the rotary dial 436. Gear pinions 440 b may be a mirror image of gear pinion 440 a, simply reflected across a plane that bisects the rotary dial 436 and is perpendicular to a rotational axis thereof. Each of the gear pinions 440 a, 440 b are sized and shaped to releasably and simultaneously engage a respective gear rack 442 a, 442 b. Each of the gear racks 442 a, 442 b are coupleable to a respective virtual or augmented reality eyepiece 430 a, 430 b.

With continued reference to FIGS. 25 through 27 , each opposing arm members 414 a, 414 b includes a respective guide pin 444 coupled thereto. The guide pins 444 are positioned proximate the temple region and, more particularly, between the temple and ear regions of a wearer. Each of the guide pins 444 extends through respective arm member apertures 446 and is received by a respective eyepiece aperture 448. A cylindrical projection 450 extends inwardly from each eyepiece aperture 448. The cylindrical projection 450 is sized and shaped to be slideably received by the respective arm member apertures 446 when the headset 410 is in a collapsed or narrowest configuration. In some embodiments, the arm member apertures 446 may include a counterbore or a countersink to allow the guide pin 444 head to sit at least flush with an interior surface of the opposing arm members 414 a, 414 b to substantially or completely conceal the guide pin 444 from view when in the fully collapsed or narrowest configuration and/or when in the fully expanded or widest configuration. Further, in some embodiments, the opposing arm member apertures 446 may include bushings coupled thereto in order to reduce wear and friction, guide, or constrain the motion of the headset 410. The bushings may be lubricated or unlubricated.

With continued reference to FIGS. 25-27 , rotation of the gear pinions 440 a, 440 b via the rotary dial 436 in a clockwise direction causes the gear pinions 440 a, 440 b to engage the respective gear racks 442 a, 442 b. Such engagement moves the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 430 a, 430 b approximately equal distances simultaneously and outwardly relative to the rotary dial 436. At the temporal or lateral end, moreover, the guide pins 444 assist in guiding the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 430 a, 430 b as they move outwardly relative to the opposing arm members 414 a, 414 b. Conversely, counterclockwise rotation of the rotary dial 436 causes the gear racks 442 a, 442 b to move approximately equal distances simultaneously and inwardly relative to the rotary dial 436. Similarly, the guide pins 444 assist in guiding the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 430 a, 430 b as they move inwardly relative to the opposing arm members 414 a, 414 b.

By manipulating the adjustment mechanism 434 to move the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 430 a, 430 b inwardly or outwardly, the interpupillary distance IPD can be conveniently controlled by a user. By way of example, in the illustrated embodiment of the headset 410, the gear racks 442 a, 442 b are sized and shaped to allow movement of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 430 a, 430 b relative to the rotary dial 436 such that a difference between the interpupillary distance IPD in the fully expanded or widest configuration (FIGS. 25-27 ) and the interpupillary distance IPD in the fully collapsed or narrowest configuration is between 10 mm and about 12 mm. It is appreciated, however, that in some embodiments, more or less adjustment may be provided.

To allow the user access to the rotary dial 436, the bridge 416 includes a recess 452 through which a portion of the rotary dial 436 protrudes outwardly. The user may rotate the rotary dial 436 to adjust the interpuppilary distance IPD until the optimal interpuppilary distance IPD for the user is determined. Once the optimal interpuppilary distance IPD is set, each of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 430 a, 430 b can be locked in place through a lock. The lock may include, for example, one or more clamps, set screws, clips or other fasteners to impede movement of the adjustment mechanism 34 and/or eyepieces 430 a, 430 b, or otherwise lock the same. The lock may be spring-biased toward a locked position.

The adjustable mechanism 434 may further include a cover 453 to releasably attach to the recess 452 in the bridge 416. The cover 453 may substantially seal the adjustable mechanism 434 from the environment, such as water or moisture ingress, and may also selectively control access to the rotary dial 436 during use. In some embodiments, the cover 453 may include male connectors that can snap into place when matingly received by a female connector located in the recess 452 of the bridge 416. In other embodiments, the cover 453 may include any number of posts or pegs that may extend outwardly. The posts or pegs may be received by holes or dents in the recess 452 of the bridge 416 to releasably secure the cover 453 to the bridge 416. As can be appreciated from the foregoing, other mechanisms may be used to releasably attach the cover 453 to the headset 410.

FIG. 28 shows another example embodiment of a virtual or augmented headset 510 in an expanded or widest configuration. The headset includes a frame 512 and a pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 530 a, 530 b supported by the frame 512. The frame has opposing arm members 514 a, 514 b, a bridge 516 positioned intermediate the opposing arm members 514 a, 514 b, and a plurality of linear rails 518 a, 518 b. More particularly, a single linear rail 518 a, 518 b is provided at each of opposing sides 522, 524 of the frame 512 defined by a central reference plane 526.

Again, the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 530 a, 530 b each has an optical center 532 a, 532 b, a distance between which defines an interpupillary distance IPD. The eyepieces 530 a, 530 b are movably coupled to the plurality of linear rails 518 a, 518 b to enable adjustment of the interpupillary distance IPD as desired to correspond to or more closely correspond to an actual interpupillary distance IPD between the pupils of a wearer.

The headset 510 further includes an adjustment mechanism 534 coupled to both of the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 530 a, 530 b. The adjustment mechanism illustrated in FIG. 28 includes a linear actuator device 560 to convert rotary motion into linear motion, such as a lead screw, jackscrew, ball screw, roller screw, or other types of devices that may mechanically convert rotary motion into linear motion. By way of example, FIG. 28 illustrates a lead screw with some of the hardware, such as a control knob, nuts, etc., removed for clarity. The linear actuator device 560 is coupled to a pair of links 562 a, 562 b. The links 562 a, 562 b are angularly spaced apart relative to each other and about the central reference plane 526. At a lower end, the links 562 a, 562 b are coupled to the respective linear rails 518 a, 518 b.

The adjustment mechanism 534 allows the user to manipulate the interpupillary distance IPD by moving the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 530 a, 530 b inwardly or outwardly relative to the adjustment mechanism 534. The user can rotate the control knob of the linear actuator device 560 in a clockwise direction, which causes a linear extension of the linear actuator device 560 shaft. This linear extension causes an increase in the angular displacement of the links 562 a, 562 b relative to one another, resulting in an outward linear translation of the respective rails 518 a, 518 b and the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 530 a, 530 b. Conversely, the user can rotate the control knob of the linear actuator device 560 in a counterclockwise direction to cause an inward movement of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces 530 a, 530 b in a similar manner.

The adjustment mechanism 534 can be substantially or completely concealed from view by housing the adjustment mechanism 534 within the bridge 516. The bridge 516 may further include a recess to allow a portion of the control knob to protrude outwardly. A cover may releasably attach to the recess in the bridge 516. The cover may substantially seal the adjustable mechanism 534 from the environment, such as water or moisture ingress, and may also selectively control access to the control knob during use. In some embodiments, the cover may include male connectors that can snap into place when matingly received by a female connector located in the recess of the bridge 516. In other embodiments, the cover may include any number of posts or pegs that may extend outwardly. The posts or pegs may be received by holes or dents in the recess of the bridge 516 to releasably secure the cover to the bridge 516. As can be appreciated from the foregoing, other mechanisms may be used to releasably attach the cover to the headset 510.

In some embodiments, the adjustment mechanisms described herein may be controlled electro-mechanically. One or more motors may be electro-mechanically coupled to the linear actuator device, such as a lead screw, jack screw, ball screw, roller screw, etc. The rotatory motion of the motors may be converted into linear motion through the linear actuator device to cause inward or outward movement of the virtual or augmented eyepieces. The motors may be a servo motor, stepper motor, or other types of electric motors. To control movement of the virtual or augmented eyepieces, the motors may be electrically coupled to an electronic controller. The electronic controller may include a microcontroller and a motor driver to control and drive the motors. Moreover, the microcontroller may comprise a microprocessor, memory, and a plurality of peripheral devices to form a system on a chip that may be applicable for a wide variety of applications.

In some embodiments, the adjustment mechanism may include one or more piezoelectric motors. The one or more piezoelectric motors may include piezoelectric linear actuators, which may be coupled to the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces to cause inward or outward movement of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces. To control movement of the virtual or augmented eyepieces, the piezoelectric motors may be electrically coupled to an electronic controller. The electronic controller may include a microcontroller and a piezoelectric motor driver to control and drive the piezoelectric motor. Moreover, the microcontroller may comprise a microprocessor, memory, and a plurality of peripheral devices to form a system on a chip that may be applicable for a wide variety of applications.

Moreover, the various embodiments described above can be combined to provide further embodiments. These and other changes can be made to the embodiments in light of the above-detailed description. In general, in the following claims, the terms used should not be construed to limit the claims to the specific embodiments disclosed in the specification and the claims, but should be construed to include all possible embodiments along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. Accordingly, the claims are not limited by the disclosure. 

The invention claimed is:
 1. A virtual or augmented reality headset, comprising: a frame including opposing arm members and a bridge portion positioned intermediate the opposing arm members; and a pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces each having an optical center, the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces movably coupled to the frame to enable adjustment of an interpupillary distance between the optical centers, wherein the frame includes at least two rails on each of the opposing sides of the frame vertically offset from each other to guide a respective one of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces, and wherein, for each of the opposing sides of the frame, the at least two rails and the arm member form a fork structure.
 2. The headset of claim 1, further comprising: an adjustment mechanism coupled to both of the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces and operable to simultaneously move the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces to adjust the interpupillary distance.
 3. The headset of claim 2, wherein the adjustment mechanism includes a linear actuator physically coupled to the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces.
 4. The headset of claim 3, wherein the linear actuator is physically coupled to the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces by a plurality of links which are arranged such that movement of the linear actuator in a first direction causes the plurality of links to increase the interpupillary distance between the optical centers of the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces and movement of the linear actuator in a second direction opposite the first direction causes the plurality of links to decrease the interpupillary distance between the optical centers of the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces.
 5. The headset of claim 4, further comprising: a motor electro-mechanically coupled to the linear actuator; and an electronic controller electrically coupled to the motor to control movement of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces via the motor, the linear actuator and the plurality of links.
 6. The headset of claim 3 wherein the adjustment mechanism is coupled to the bridge portion and the linear actuator includes a user manipulable control for selectively adjusting a position of each of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces simultaneously.
 7. The headset of claim 1 wherein each virtual or augmented reality eyepiece is arcuate and includes a medial end and a lateral end, the medial end positioned proximate the bridge of the frame and the lateral end positioned proximate a temple region of a respective one of the opposing arm members.
 8. The headset of claim 7 wherein the frame includes a respective arcuate profile on each of opposing sides of the frame to at least partially nest with a respective one of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces when the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces are in a narrowest configuration in which the interpupillary distance is at a minimum.
 9. The headset of claim 1 wherein, for each of the opposing sides of the frame, the two rails are located proximate the bridge portion to guide a medial end of the respective virtual or augmented reality eyepiece and support the respective virtual or augmented reality eyepiece in a cantilevered manner.
 10. The headset of claim 1 wherein the fork structure supports the respective one of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces.
 11. The headset of claim 10 wherein each virtual or augmented reality eyepiece is arcuate and includes a medial end and a lateral end, the medial end positioned proximate the bridge of the frame and the lateral end positioned proximate a temple region of a respective one of the opposing arm members.
 12. The headset of claim 11 wherein the frame includes a respective arcuate profile on each of opposing sides of the frame to at least partially nest with a respective one of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces when the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces are in a narrowest configuration in which the interpupillary distance is at a minimum.
 13. The headset of claim 10 wherein, for each of the opposing sides of the frame, a lower one of the two rails extends away from the bridge portion and is coupled to a lower lateral end of the respective one of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces.
 14. The headset of claim 10 wherein the fork structure supports the respective one of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces.
 15. A virtual or augmented reality headset, comprising: a frame including opposing arm members and a bridge positioned intermediate the opposing arm members; and a pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces each having an optical center, the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces movably coupled to the frame to enable adjustment of an interpupillary distance between the optical centers, wherein the frame includes at least two rails on each of the opposing sides of the frame vertically offset from each other to guide a respective one of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces, and wherein, for each of the opposing sides of the frame, the two rails and a portion of the bridge form a fork structure configured to support the respective one of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces.
 16. The headset of claim 15, further comprising: an adjustment mechanism coupled to both of the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces and operable to simultaneously move the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces to adjust the interpupillary distance.
 17. The headset of claim 16, wherein the adjustment mechanism includes a linear actuator physically coupled to the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces.
 18. The headset of claim 17, wherein the linear actuator is physically coupled to the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces by a plurality of links which are arranged such that movement of the linear actuator in a first direction causes the plurality of links to increase the interpupillary distance between the optical centers of the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces and movement of the linear actuator in a second direction opposite the first direction causes the plurality of links to decrease the interpupillary distance between the optical centers of the pair of virtual or augmented reality eyepieces.
 19. The headset of claim 18, further comprising: a motor electro-mechanically coupled to the linear actuator; and an electronic controller electrically coupled to the motor to control movement of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces via the motor, the linear actuator and the plurality of links.
 20. The headset of claim 17 wherein the adjustment mechanism is coupled to the bridge portion and the linear actuator includes a user manipulable control for selectively adjusting a position of each of the virtual or augmented reality eyepieces simultaneously. 